Constitution of India summary
Constitution of India summary
The Constitution of India is the highest guiding rules and principles for Governance of India. Every Rules and Acts which are framed for regulation of citizens of India are bounded by the Constitution of India and should not violate the provisions made in the Constitution. Constitution of India was adopted on 26th November, 1949.
Constitution of India has 22 (twenty two) Parts; 12 (twelve) Schedules; 3( three) Appendices & 395 numbers of Articles.
While Part-I of the Constitution describes about the Union and Territories of India,
Part-II deals with the matter of Citizenship.
In Part-III of our Constitution describes the Fundamental Rights of the citizens of India viz., (i) Right to Equality (ii) Right to Freedom (iii) Right against Exploitation (iv) Right to Freedom of Religion (v) Cultural and Educational Rights (vi) Right to Constitutional Remedies.
Part-IV of the Constitution prescribes the Directive Principles of State Policies
Part-IVA of the Constitution of India prescribes the Fundamental Duties of its citizens.
Part-V has a total of 5(five) Chapters viz.,
Chapter-I- (The Executives), inter-alia, prescribes the Manner of election, Powers, etc of President of India, the Vice-President of India are prescribed, the Council of Ministers, the Attorney General of India, Conduct of business of the Government of India , Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc are prescribed.
Chapter-II, inter-alia, prescribes about General matter relating to Parliament like Constitution of Parliament, Composition of the Council of States etc; Officers of Parliament like the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States , their powers, The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People; Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker etc.; Conduct of Business ; Disqualifications of Members ; Powers, Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and its Members ; Legislative Procedure ; Procedure in Financial Matters etc are prescribed.
Chapter-III- prescribes the Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Parliament.
Chapter-IV- prescribes the matters of the Union Judiciary where, inter-alia, Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court, National Judicial Appointments Commission, Functions of Commission, Power of Parliament to make law etc are prescribed.
Chapter-V- prescribes the matters Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General, Form of accounts of the Union and of the States, Audit reports.
Part-VI has a total of 5(five) Chapters. The chapters prescribes topics of (i) Governors of States (ii) Executive power of State (iii) Appointment, Term of office , Qualifications Oath or affirmation by the Governor etc (iv) Extent of executive power of State (v) Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor (vi) Other provisions as to Ministers (vii) Advocate-General for the State (viii) Conduct of Business of the Government of a State (ix) Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc (x) Constitution of Legislatures in States (xi) Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States (xii) Composition of the Legislative Assemblies (xiii) Composition of the Legislative Councils. (xiv) Duration of State Legislatures. ..............................................(xv) Officers of the State Legislature - The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly - Vacation and resignation of, and removal from their offices (xvi) Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills ....................................etc.
Among the 12 (twelve) Schedules of our Constitution, while Sixth Schedule prescribes the Provisions in respect of Administration of Tribal Areas of Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya Mizoram States the Seventh Schedule provisions the Union List , State Lists & the Concurrent List.